Endodontic Materials In Clinical Practice

Description

Edited by Camilleri Josette

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Endodontic Materials in Clinical Practice

Endodontic Materials in Clinical Practice delivers a much-needed comprehensive and clinically oriented reference to the materials used in endodontic practice. It provides complete details on the properties of the materials required for specific techniques in order to help in the selection of the appropriate materials and improve patient outcomes.

Comprehensive in scope and filled with helpful illustrations, the book covers endodontic materials used from the pulp to the root-end. In addition, the text considers the location and technique for each of the materials presented. Designed to be a practical and accessible reference, the book is organised by specific clinical procedure.

• Presents an illustrated guide to all materials used in endodontic practice
• Focuses on the clinical application for each material
• Explains why specific materials are used
• Includes information on how to select the correct material
• Considers locations and techniques in making material decisions

Written for specialist endodontists and residents, dental material specialists, post-graduate students, general dentists, and dentistry students, Endodontic Materials in Clinical Practice is an essential resource for selecting the right materials for specific techniques.

Table of contents:

List of Contributors xi

1 Introduction: Materials Chemistry as a Means to an End(o) – The Invisible Foundation 1
Brian W. Darvell

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 The Substrate 2

1.3 Nomenclatural Hype: ‘Bioactivity’, ‘Bioceramics’ 3

1.4 Chemical Interactions and Irrigation 6

1.5 Terminology 9

1.6 Classification of HSCs 11

1.7 Conclusion 12

References 13

2 Pulp Capping Materials for the Maintenance of Pulp Vitality 15
Phillip L. Tomson and Henry F. Duncan

2.1 Introduction 16

2.2 Maintaining Pulp Vitality 16

2.2.1 Why Maintain the Pulp? 16

2.2.2 Pulpal Irritants 16

2.2.3 Pulpal Healing After Exposure 17

2.2.4 Classifications of Pulpitis and Assessing the Inflammatory State of the Pulp 18

2.2.5 Is Pulpal Exposure a Negative Prognostic Factor? 19

2.2.6 Soft Tissue Factors Related to the Tooth 19

2.3 Clinical Procedures for Maintaining Pulp Vitality 21

2.3.1 Managing the Unexposed Pulp 21

2.3.2 Tooth Preparation to Avoid Exposure 21

2.3.3 Managing the Exposed Pulp 21

2.3.3.1 Direct Pulp Capping 22

2.3.3.2 Partial Pulpotomy 22

2.3.3.3 Full Pulpotomy 22

2.3.3.4 Pulpectomy 23

2.3.4 Immature Roots 24

2.4 Materials Used in Vital Pulp Treatment 25

2.4.1 The Role of the Material 25

2.4.2 Calcium Hydroxide 25

2.4.3 Resin-Based Adhesives 27

2.4.4 Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements 27

2.4.5 Resin-Based Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements 29

2.4.6 Glass Ionomer Cements 30

2.4.7 Experimental Agents Used in Vital Pulp Treatment 31

2.4.8 Tooth Restoration After VPT 32

2.5 Clinical Outcome and Practicalities 32

2.5.1 Vital Pulp Treatment Outcome 32

2.5.2 Discolouration 32

2.5.3 Setting Time and Handling 33

2.6 Conclusion 33

References 34

3 Treatment of Immature Teeth with Pulp Necrosis 47
Paul Cooper, Henry F. Duncan, Matthias Widbiller, and Kerstin M. Galler

3.1 Introduction 48

3.2 Apexification and Root-End Closure 49

3.3 Revitalization 50

3.3.1 Indications 50

3.3.2 Procedure 51

3.3.3 Outcome 51

3.3.4 Limitations 52

3.4 Material Requirements 52

3.4.1 Materials and Applications 52

3.4.2 Biological Requirements 54

3.4.2.1 Bioactivity 54

3.4.2.2 Reaction with Tissue Fluids 5